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Home » Problems (hard) » Traffic jam

Traffic jam

Problem code: N5

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All submissions for this problem are available.

Little Johnny has a selection of boxes. Each box has a number on its side. The boxes are placed in a sequence, and Johnny wants to sort them (in ascending order). He has a device to manipulate the boxes, which performs the following operation. Johnny can select a subset of boxes, and the machine will lift the selected subset, shift the selected subset to the right (keeping the order in the subset), shift the not-selected subset to the left, filling up empty spaces (keeping the order in the subset), then finally move the raised boxes to be in one level again.

For example: if Johnny has the sequence: 1,2,3,4,5,6, and selects the subset in bold: 1,2,3,4,5,6, then the result is: 1,2,5,3,4,6.

Help Johnny to write a program that will calculate the minimal number of moves required to sort the given sequence of boxes in ascending order of numbers.

Input

First, 1≤t≤10, the number of test cases. Then, t testcases follow. Each starts with 1≤n≤105, the number of boxes. Then, n integer values describing the sizes of boxes in the sequence.

Output

For each testcase, in a separate line, print the answer to that testcase.

Example

Input:
1
6 1 3 5 2 4 6
Output: 2


Date:2010-02-05
Time limit:1s-5s
Source limit:50000B
Languages:All except: TCL PERL6


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HELP

Program should read from standard input and write to standard output.

After you submit a solution you can see your results by clicking on the [My Submissions] tab on the problem page. Below are the possible results:

  • Accepted Your program ran successfully and gave a correct answer. If there is a score for the problem, this will be displayed in parenthesis next to the checkmark.
  • Time Limit Exceeded Your program was compiled successfully, but it didn't stop before time limit. Try optimizing your approach.
  • Wrong Answer Your program compiled and ran succesfully but the output did not match the expected output.
  • Runtime Error Your code compiled and ran but encountered an error. The most common reasons are using too much memory or dividing by zero. For the specific error codes see the help section.
  • Compilation Error Your code was unable to compile. When you see this icon, click on it for more information.

If you are still having problems, see a sample solution here.

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